Audio Technology

Recording

Microphones

Introduction
Frequency response
Polar Patterns
Proximity effect
Cabling and phantom power

Recording techniques

Recording environment
Microphone placement
Signal processing and special effects

Pre-amplifiers

Recording devices

Introduction
Analog recorders
Digital recorders
DAT recorders
Minidisk recorders
PC card and CD-R recorders
Hard disk recorders

Processing

A-to-D conversion

Improving audio digitization
Digitization workflow

Analysis and Delivery

Introduction
Preparing files for analysis and delivery
Digital restoration
LPC in acoustic analysis

Audio Technology / A/D conversion and digital audio signal transfer / Audio digitization workflow...

Audio digitization workflow:

  1. Prepare the analog original (use appropriate techniques, such as tone callibration, restoration, baking, etc.)
  2. Route the signal through a mixing board AUX send/return or Channel insert/return into a compressor/limiter - only for "soft" tapes with significant amplitude variability.
  3. Send the signal to a stand-alone A/D converter
  4. Send the digital audio data stream to a PCI capture card via AES/EBU or S/PDIF
  5. Make 2 CD-ROM (ISO standard) copies of the master file
  6. Initiate script to process and move the "working" audio files into the digital repository.

The batch script may inlude:

  • downsampling to 22,050 Hz
  • changing the resolution to 16 bit with dither and noise shaping
  • 2:1 compression at -18 dB
  • noise reduction
  • RealAudio encoding

Audio Technology
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Last updated: 2002

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